How much does 1 gallon of water weigh

Mar 7, 2023 · Generally, a gallon of average-strength beer (around 4-5% ABV) weighs around 8.5 lbs (3.8 kilograms). A higher-alcohol beer, such as an Imperial IPA or a barleywine, will weigh more due to the increased sugar content and can reach up to 15 lbs. for a single gallon. This is because alcohol is about 7 times heavier than water.Oct 18, 2023 · These paints generally weigh between 8.5 to 12 pounds per gallon due to their light solvents and small amounts of additives. For example, a gallon of interior latex paint typically weighs around 10 pounds, while exterior latex paint might weigh closer to 12 pounds. Oil-based paints, on the other hand, are heavier due to their thicker ...How heavy is 200 gallons of water? How much does 200 gallons of water weigh? Amount. ... 200 Gallons of Water Weighs; 1,666 pounds : 1,666 pounds, 1.41 ounces: 26,660 ... Jan 29, 2023 · A gallon of water weighs 8.34 pounds or 3.78 kilograms at room temperature, but it can vary depending on the temperature and pressure of the environment. Learn how to calculate water weight, the …When I buy "20-pound bond paper," what part of it weighs 20 pounds? A ream certainly doesn't weigh 20 pounds. Advertisement The way we talk about paper in the United States is amaz...Oct 6, 2023 · At room temperature, 5 gallons of water weights 40 lb. Lard is an animal fat, with a specific gravity of about .9. ... How much does a gallon weigh in quarts? 1 gallon = 4 quarts 1 quart = 0.25 ...Aug 10, 2023 · At 212 F, equals 213.8 cu.ft. of steam 1in^3 of water = 1600 in^3 of steam 1 gal of water = 231 in^3 of water 231*1600 = 369600 in^3 = 213.8 ft^3. Calculate the amount of water in a gallon of ...How much does 55 gallons of water weigh? Amount. Unit. Calculate. 55 Gallons of Water Weighs; 458.2 pounds : 458 pounds, 2.79 ounces: 7,331 ounces : 207.8 kilograms : rounded to 4 digits ... This calculator uses the density of water at 20° Celsius, which is 0.9982071 grams per cubic centimeter. The weight of a certain volume of water could ...Oct 27, 2022 · A gallon of water weighs about 8.34 pounds on Earth at sea level, but it can vary depending on gravity, pressure, and temperature. …Aug 10, 2023 · A gallon of sugar weighs 4.175 (approximate) pounds. When combined with a gallon of water (which weighs 8.35 pounds) it will make a total of 1.5 gallon. So in granulated form, sugar weighs half as ...How heavy is 200 gallons of water? How much does 200 gallons of water weigh? Amount. ... 200 Gallons of Water Weighs; 1,666 pounds : 1,666 pounds, 1.41 ounces: 26,660 ... Some states require moving trucks to pass through weigh stations. If you’re moving across the country, check out our guide to see if this applies to you. Expert Advice On Improving...How much does 75 gallons of water weigh? Amount. Unit. Calculate. 75 Gallons of Water Weighs; 624.8 pounds : 624 pounds, 12.5 ounces: 9,997 ounces : 283.4 kilograms : rounded to 4 digits ... This calculator uses the density of water at 20° Celsius, which is 0.9982071 grams per cubic centimeter. The weight of a certain volume of water could ...A US gallon of gas weighs 6.1 pounds, but an Imperial gallon weighs 7.2 pounds, according to the Science and Technology Desk Reference. Here are a few things to bear in mind to get a better picture of how much that is: 1. One gallon of petrol weighs less than one gallon of water. Water weighs 8.4 pounds in comparison to gas.Feb 5, 2023 · In summary, multiple gallons of water weigh the amounts listed below: 1 gallon of water weighs 8.3454 lbs (3.7854 kg). But REMEMBER the important caveat about temperature above! 2 gallons of water weighs 16.69 lbs (7.57 kg) 3 gallons of water weighs 25.04 lbs (11.36 kg) 4 gallons of water weighs 33.38 lbs (15.14 kg)About 21,000 gallons of oil were spilled. Oil is washing ashore on beaches near Santa Barbara, California, after a nearby pipeline operated by Plains All-American Pipeline ruptured...When I buy "20-pound bond paper," what part of it weighs 20 pounds? A ream certainly doesn't weigh 20 pounds. Advertisement The way we talk about paper in the United States is amaz...Aug 11, 2023 · A US gallon of water weighs around 8.33 pounds or 3.78 kilograms at room temperature, but the exact weight depends on the temperature and density of the water. Learn how temperature affects the weight of water, see a reference chart for gallons of water, and use our water weight calculator to convert gallons to pounds or kilograms. Companies in the Utilities sector have received a lot of coverage today as analysts weigh in on National Fuel Gas Company (NFG – Research Repo... Companies in the Utilities secto...How much does 177 gallons of water weigh? Amount. Unit. Calculate. 177 Gallons of Water Weighs; 1,474 pounds : 1,474 pounds, 7.81 ounces: 23,590 ounces : 668.8 kilograms : rounded to 4 digits. assuming water at 20° Celsius. Note on Units. This calculator uses United States customary units which are different from the Imperial units used in the ...May 10, 2021 · The vast majority of concrete mixes will be 150 pounds per cubic foot. A five-gallon barrel is about 2/3 of a cubic foot. That makes it 20 pounds per gallon, or 100 pounds for the entire barrel. Lighter concrete mixes can vary in weight between 90 to 110 pounds per cubic foot. This will lead to about 12 to 14 pounds per gallon. Dec 20, 2020 · It is 4.405 L or 268.8025 cubic inches. The weight of a United States dry gallon is 9.711 lbs of water at its highest thickness. The UK gallon or imperial gallon originally was specified as 10 pounds of water, but the modern interpretation is precisely 4.54609 L or 10.02 lbs of water at its maximum thickness. Written by ppguide Engines and Machines. As a rule of thumb, the average weight of windshield washer fluids is 7.6 – 8.1 pounds per gallon, equal to 0.92-0.96 g/ml. The exact weight of the liquid depends on the components of the mixture and the temperature. But if you don’t feel like calculating and would rather just get the values from ... Jul 24, 2023 · Firstly, remember that a gallon of water weighs approximately 8.34 pounds. To find the weight of water in a 5-gallon jug, you multiply the weight of one gallon of water by the number of gallons in the jug. In this case: 5 gallons × 8.34 pounds (weight of 1 gallon) = 41.7 pounds. So, the weight of water in a 5-gallon jug is about 41.7 pounds. The density of water at room temperature is about 1 kilogram per litre (kg/L) at 39.2°C or 0.99802 g/ml at 21°C. If you know the density and volume of the water, then you can calculate the mass of the water with the help of the following formula: Density = Mass/Volume. or. Dec 18, 2022 · The weight of a gallon of gasoline is about six pounds. There is a slight difference depending on the type of gasoline and its additives. Unlike water, which weighs about 8.4 pounds per gallon, gasoline is 25% lighter. Many people instinctively think that all liquids weigh the same as water, which is inaccurate.How much does 40 gallons of water weigh? Amount. Unit. Calculate. 40 Gallons of Water Weighs; 333.2 pounds : 333 pounds, 3.48 ounces: 5,331 ounces : 151.1 kilograms : rounded to 4 digits ... This calculator uses the density of water at 20° Celsius, which is 0.9982071 grams per cubic centimeter. The weight of a certain volume of water could ...Jan 18, 2024 · A gallon is a unit of volume — how much space does something take up . The US gallon is the unit you are most likely to come across when discussing gallons is …There are 8.35 pounds in a gallon of water. 1 cubic meter of Water weighs 1 000 kilograms [kg] 1 cubic foot of Water weighs 62.42796 pounds [lbs] Water weighs 1 gram per cubic centimeter or 1 000 kilogram per cubic meter, i.e. density of water is equal to 1 000 kg/m³; at 25°C (77°F or 298.15K) at standard atmospheric pressure. Find out how much a certain volume of water weighs in U.S. customary or Imperial units. Use the calculator to convert gallons, cups, fluid ounces, liters, milliliters, pints, quarts …Jul 24, 2023 · Firstly, remember that a gallon of water weighs approximately 8.34 pounds. To find the weight of water in a 5-gallon jug, you multiply the weight of one gallon of water by the number of gallons in the jug. In this case: 5 gallons × 8.34 pounds (weight of 1 gallon) = 41.7 pounds. So, the weight of water in a 5-gallon jug is about 41.7 pounds. A gallon of oil does not necessarily weigh more than a gallon of water. The weight of a substance is determined by its density, which is the ratio of its mass to its volume. The density of a substance can vary depending on its composition and the conditions under which it is measured, such as temperature and pressure. Water has a …Apr 28, 2022 · How much does one gallon of ethanol weigh? The density of ethanol is 0.789 g/cm3, or 0.789 kg per liter.There are 3.7854 liters per gallon, so 1 gallon of ethanol weighs 2.987 kg.There are 2.2046 ... How much does 10 gallons of water weigh? Amount. Unit. Calculate. 10 Gallons of Water Weighs; 83.30 pounds : 83 pounds, 4.87 ounces: 1,333 ounces : 37.79 kilograms : rounded to 4 digits. assuming water at 20° Celsius. Note on Units. This calculator uses United States ...mass = d × v × vcfmcf, where mcf is the conversion factor to convert from pound to kilogram (table near the end of this page) and vcf is the conversion factor to convert from US gallon to cubic meters. So, plugging these values in the formula above, we get: mass = 680 × 1 × 0.003785410.453592. mass = 2.574080.453592. mass = 5.67488 pounds ...One cubic foot holds 7.48 gallons of water; and gallon of water weighs 8.33 pounds: How much does cubic feet of water weigh in pounds? In tons? Click the icon to view the USCS measurements_ The weight in pounds is approximately (Round to the nearest tenth as needed:_ The weight in tons is pproximately ton(s): (Round to the nearest hundredth as ...The imperial gallon is a unit for measuring a volume of liquid or the capacity of a container for storing liquid, not the mass of a liquid. Thus, a gallon of one liquid may have a different mass from a gallon of a different liquid. An imperial gallon of liquid is defined as 4.54609 litres, and thus occupies a space equivalent to approximately ... Feb 7, 2024 · Ask your own question! The weight of a gallon of water (3.785 litres) can be determined using the formula: Weight = Volume × Density Steps to calculate the weight of a gallon of water: Step 1: The volume is the volume of one gallon of water, and the density of water is approximately 8.34 pounds per gallon (at room temperature). Step 2: The ...Oct 15, 2023 · Diesel fuel weight can be calculated by multiplying the volume in gallons by the density of diesel fuel in pounds per gallon. How much does 100 gallons of diesel weigh? The weight of 100 gallons of diesel fuel depends on its density, which is approximately 7.1 to 7.3 pounds per gallon. So, 100 gallons of diesel fuel would weigh roughly between ...Jun 2, 2022 · Skim milk, on the other hand, weighs much less, with 7 pounds and 5 ounces for every full gallon container that sits upon your countertops. The breakdown is as follows: 1 gallon of whole milk weighs 8.6 pounds. 1 gallon of 2% milk weighs 8.5 pounds. 1 gallon of 1% milk weighs 8.3 pounds. 1 gallon of skim milk weighs 8.4 pounds.There’s a lot to be optimistic about in the Utilities sector as 2 analysts just weighed in on New Fortress Energy (NFE – Research Report) ... There’s a lot to be optimistic a...Jan 12, 2021 · The weight of a gallon of water depends upon the temperature of the water, For the sake of the question, ‘How much does a gallon of water weigh?’, we are going to focus on the weight of fresh water at 62 °F (17 °C). 1 US gal of water = 8.345 pounds, which is 3.785 kg (at 17 °C). 1 imperial gal of water = 10.02 pounds, or 4.545 kg (at 17 ...Feb 2, 2024 · Drinking a gallon of water a day will also impact your eating habits. "First, drinking this much water will replace sugary drinks," says Griffin. "It's also important to remember that water intake doesn't just come from guzzling water—it also comes from what you eat. You naturally up your water intake by eating clean, unprocessed whole fruits ... Jul 5, 2022 · A gallon of water contains 8.3 pounds of water. That is equal to about 2.204684 pounds in the United States. This means that a gallon of water weighs about eight pounds, but the exact weight of water varies depending on the temperature, density, and composition. For instance, a gallon of water at room temperature weighs around six …Jan 29, 2023 · A gallon of water weighs 8.34 pounds or 3.785 kilograms. To get a specific amount of water in pounds, divide the number of gallons by 8.34. The weight of the liquid is a tricky thing to measure. The truth is, it depends on the density of the liquid. But, there are some ways to estimate the weight of common liquids like water. Calculate rounded to 4 digits assuming water at 20° Celsius Note on Units This calculator uses United States customary units which are different from the Imperial units used in the …US gallons of mercury to pounds. 0.1 US gallon of mercury. =. 11.3 pounds. 1 / 5 US gallon of mercury. =. 22.7 pounds. 0.3 US gallon of mercury. =. The volume 1 litre is 1000 cubic centimetres. For a metal it is much better to use cubic centimetres. For liquids like milk or oil you use litres. The density of lead is 11.34 grams per cubic centimetre. So, 1000 cubic centimetres of lead weigh 1000 times 11.34 = 11340 grams or 11.34 kilograms. This answer is:Gallon (gal) is a unit of Volume used in Cooking system. Pound (lb) is a unit of Weight used in Standard system. Please note this is volume to weight conversion, this conversion is valid only for pure water at temperature 4 °C. 1 US qt = 0.946352946 liters = 0.946352946 kg of pure water at temperature 4 °C. US oz = 28.349523125 g Aug 11, 2023 · About 1,252.5 pounds @8.35 pounds per US gallon. 15,000 US gallons of water weighs approximately 125,250 pounds or 62.625 tons. 150 gallons of plain water weighs 1,251.75 pounds. 1,500 gallons of ...Aug 11, 2023 · How much does one gallon of JP-5 weigh? 6.8 lbs. The volume measure of a cup is 236.6 milliliter or 236.6 cubic centimeter. Only if you think of pure water, you can say: 1 Milliliter weighs 1 gram ...Aug 11, 2023 · A U.S. liquid gallon, used to measure water, gasoline or juice is considered to weigh about 3.78 litres, where a U.S. dry gallon used to weigh bulk items is considered to weigh 4.4 litres. The ...Jun 21, 2023 · How much does a 500 Litre water tank with water weigh in kg? The weight of a 500-liter water tank when filled with water can be estimated as follows: Assuming the tank is made of plastic (polyethylene), the weight of an empty 500-liter plastic water tank is typically around 15-20 kilograms (33-44 pounds). How much does 55 gallons of water weigh? Amount. Unit. Calculate. 55 Gallons of Water Weighs; 458.2 pounds : 458 pounds, 2.79 ounces: 7,331 ounces : 207.8 kilograms : rounded to 4 digits ... This calculator uses the density of water at 20° Celsius, which is 0.9982071 grams per cubic centimeter. The weight of a certain volume of water could ...Apr 17, 2023 · 1 gallon = 231 cubic inches. 1 gallon = 0.133681 cubic feet. 1 gallon = 0.00378541 cubic meters. Using these conversion factors, we can calculate the weight of one gallon of water in other units of measurement: Liters: 1 gallon x 3.78541 = 3.78541 liters. Cups: 1 gallon x 16 = 16 cups. How much does 200 gallons of water weigh? Amount. Unit. Calculate. 200 Gallons of Water Weighs; 1,666 pounds : 1,666 pounds, 1.41 ounces: 26,660 ounces : 755.7 kilograms : rounded to 4 digits. assuming water at 20° Celsius. Note on Units. This calculator uses United States customary units which are different from the Imperial units used in the ...Analysts have been eager to weigh in on the Industrial Goods sector with new ratings on NOV (NOV – Research Report), Watts Water Technologies (... Analysts have been eager to weigh...How much does 150 gallons of water weigh? Amount. Unit. Calculate. 150 Gallons of Water Weighs; 1,250 pounds : 1,249 pounds, 9.06 ounces: 19,990 ounces : 566.8 kilograms : rounded to 4 digits. assuming water at 20° Celsius. Note on Units. This calculator uses United States customary units which are different from the Imperial units used in the ...Jul 5, 2022 · A gallon of water contains 8.3 pounds of water. That is equal to about 2.204684 pounds in the United States. This means that a gallon of water weighs about eight pounds, but the exact weight of water varies depending on the temperature, density, and composition. For instance, a gallon of water at room temperature weighs around six pounds, while ... Are you in search of a reliable and affordable 5 gallon water delivery service? Look no further. We’ve done the research for you and have compared the cost and quality of some of t...The imperial gallon is a unit for measuring a volume of liquid or the capacity of a container for storing liquid, not the mass of a liquid. Thus, a gallon of one liquid may have a different mass from a gallon of a different liquid. An imperial gallon of liquid is defined as 4.54609 litres, and thus occupies a space equivalent to approximately ... Water weighs about 8.3 pounds per gallon. Therefore gold weighs 19.3 times as much or (19.3 x 8.3 lb) about 160 pounds per gallon. Although gold has a density 19.3 times greater than water and is one of the most dense substances on Earth, there are substances with far more amazing densities. The core of our own Sun has a calculated density 115 ... By WaterProffi Team July 11, 2023. The weight of water can vary slightly depending on temperature and impurities, but as a general rule, one gallon of water weighs approximately 8.34 pounds. Therefore, 40 gallons of water would weigh around 333.6 pounds. Keep in mind that this is an approximation, and the actual weight may vary slightly.Aug 5, 2018 · HOW MUCH DOES URINE WEIGH (COMPARED TO WATER) Water weighs 8.345 lbs/gallon. Normal values for urine's specific gravity are between 1.002 and 1.028 which means that normally, a gallon of urine weighs between 8.362 and 8.579 pounds, or slightly more than water.How much do LuLaRoe leggings weigh for shipping? We explain their shipping weight, plus how to estimate costs for each major package carrier. Disclosure: FQF is reader-supported. W...How much does 65 gallons of water weigh? Amount. Unit. Calculate. 65 Gallons of Water Weighs; 541.5 pounds : 541 pounds, 7.66 ounces: 8,664 ounces : 245.6 kilograms : rounded to 4 digits. assuming water at 20° Celsius. Note on Units. This calculator uses United States ...Analysts have been eager to weigh in on the Industrial Goods sector with new ratings on Mueller Water Products (MWA – Research Report) and Vontie... According to TipRanks.com, Blai...Oct 11, 2022 · A gallon of normal gasoline weighs anywhere between 6.2 pounds to 6.4 pounds. But according to Research Gate, different research shows, One gallon of leadfree gas weighs 6.1 pounds. And this is about the US gallon. And in imperial gallons, 1 gallon of unleaded gasoline weighs 7.2 pounds. Don’t worry if you don’t understand the difference ...The weight of water per gallon depends on the temperature, level of purity, and atmospheric pressure. At room temperature (68°F or 20°C) and standard atmospheric pressure (14.7 psi), one gallon of pure water weighs 8.34 pounds (lb) or 3.78 kilograms (kg). However, if the water is at a different temperature or pressure or contains impurities ...The weight of 55 gallons depends on what liquid is being measured. Gallons are a measurement of volume, not weight. To calculate the weight of a certain volume, it is necessary to ...May 10, 2021 · The vast majority of concrete mixes will be 150 pounds per cubic foot. A five-gallon barrel is about 2/3 of a cubic foot. That makes it 20 pounds per gallon, or 100 pounds for the entire barrel. Lighter concrete mixes can vary in weight between 90 to 110 pounds per cubic foot. This will lead to about 12 to 14 pounds per gallon. Feb 5, 2023 · A gallon in the US and UK are not the same measure! In the US 1 gallon of water is 128 fluid ounces, or 3.785 liters. In the UK it is 160 fluid ounces, or 4.546 litres. It …The weight of three gallons depends entirely on what is being measured and weighed. The most standard answer to this question, however, is that one gallon of water is 8.34 U.S. pou...Oct 8, 2023 · How much does 2 gallons of water weigh? 2 gallons of water weigh approximately 7.56 kilograms (kg) or 7560 grams (g). What is the specific gravity of 10 kg of water? The specific gravity of pure water is always 1. So, the specific gravity of 10 kg of water is also 1. Is specific gravity heavier than water?in the US, most people are drinking water that is legally “safe” but isn’t actually risk-free. It’s very possible there are more unpleasant things in your tap water than you realiz...How much does 25 gallons of water weigh? Amount. Unit. Calculate. 25 Gallons of Water Weighs; 208.3 pounds : 208 pounds, 4.18 ounces: 3,332 ounces : 94.47 kilograms : rounded to 4 digits. assuming water at 20° Celsius. Note on Units. This calculator uses United States ...Aug 11, 2023 · Weight of 1 US Gallon of water = approx. 8.35 lb (about 3.785 kg) Weight of 1 Imperial gallon (i.e. UK measure) of water weighs 10 pounds (4.536 kg) by definition, at a specified temperature and ...Aug 11, 2023 · Best Answer. Copy. An IMPERIAL Gallon of Water weighs 10 Pounds. The US Gallon weighs about 8.34 pounds. ANSWER is 32 x 10 equals 320 pound weight or 266.9 pounds. Wiki User.By WaterProffi Team July 11, 2023. The weight of water can vary slightly depending on temperature and impurities, but as a general rule, one gallon of water weighs approximately 8.34 pounds. Therefore, 40 gallons of water would weigh around 333.6 pounds. Keep in mind that this is an approximation, and the actual weight may vary slightly.Jul 5, 2022 · A gallon of water contains 8.3 pounds of water. That is equal to about 2.204684 pounds in the United States. This means that a gallon of water weighs about eight pounds, but the exact weight of water varies depending on the temperature, density, and composition. For instance, a gallon of water at room temperature weighs around six …Aug 10, 2023 · Full of water,rocks,decorations and fish will weigh estimated 1 & 1/2 tons How much does a fifty five gallon drum of gasoline weigh? Gas is 6.3 lbs. per gallon.If you find yourself in a situation where you have no power, like many people on the East coast at the moment, redditor Tommy points out that you can light up an entire room with a...Aug 10, 2023 · A gallon of sugar weighs 4.175 (approximate) pounds. When combined with a gallon of water (which weighs 8.35 pounds) it will make a total of 1.5 gallon. So in granulated form, sugar weighs half as ...Oct 6, 2023 · At room temperature, 5 gallons of water weights 40 lb. Lard is an animal fat, with a specific gravity of about .9. ... How much does a gallon weigh in quarts? 1 gallon = 4 quarts 1 quart = 0.25 ...Oct 27, 2022 · A gallon of water weighs about 8.34 pounds on Earth at sea level, but it can vary depending on gravity, pressure, and temperature. …What does 1 gallon of avgas weigh in pounds? Avgas weighs about 6 pounds per gallon. According to the Material Safty Data Sheet on Roundup, it has a specific gravity of 1.01. This means the weight of Roundup is 1.01 times that of an equal volume of water. Water weighs 8.34 pounds per gallon, therefore one gallon of Roundup weighs …Aug 11, 2023 · About 1,252.5 pounds @8.35 pounds per US gallon. 15,000 US gallons of water weighs approximately 125,250 pounds or 62.625 tons. 150 gallons of plain water weighs 1,251.75 pounds. 1,500 gallons of ...Oct 17, 2022 · This converter will find the weight of water only! Convert what quantity? From: Cubic centimeters Cubic inches Liters Gallons [US] Gallons [UK] Cubic feet Grams Kilograms Pounds. To: Cubic centimeters Cubic inches Liters Gallons [US] Gallons [UK] Cubic feet Grams Kilograms Pounds.Dec 5, 2023 · 100 gallons of water weighs 834.54 pounds at maximum density. Step 3: According to Table 2, the density of water at room temperature (70°F) is 99.802% of the density of water at 39.2°F (maximum density). Multiply 834.54 pounds by 0.99802 to get 832.8876108 pounds, which we would round off to 832.89 pounds.How much does 75 gallons of water weigh? Amount. Unit. Calculate. 75 Gallons of Water Weighs; 624.8 pounds : 624 pounds, 12.5 ounces: 9,997 ounces : 283.4 kilograms : rounded to 4 digits ... This calculator uses the density of water at 20° Celsius, which is 0.9982071 grams per cubic centimeter. The weight of a certain volume of water could ...Aug 10, 2023 · At 212 F, equals 213.8 cu.ft. of steam 1in^3 of water = 1600 in^3 of steam 1 gal of water = 231 in^3 of water 231*1600 = 369600 in^3 = 213.8 ft^3. Calculate the amount of water in a gallon of ...Oct 17, 2022 · This converter will find the weight of water only! Convert what quantity? From: Cubic centimeters Cubic inches Liters Gallons [US] Gallons [UK] Cubic feet Grams Kilograms Pounds. To: Cubic centimeters Cubic inches Liters Gallons [US] Gallons [UK] Cubic feet Grams Kilograms Pounds. | Crmvvqv (article) | Mcguhb.